Provide a reflection of at least 500 words ( or 2 pages double spaced) of how the knowledge , skills or theories of this course have been applied or could be applied, in a practical manner to your current work environment. if you are not currently working share times when you have or could oberserve these theories and knowledge could be applied to an employment opportunity in your field of study

Requirements;

provide a 500 word ( or 2 pages double spaced ) minimum reflection.

use a proper APA formatting and citations

 

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Prepare a 5-page report (12-point font, double spaced not including the title page or reference page), that addresses the following questions:

• How has WestJet’s social media efforts evolved over time and assisted with being a corporate voice and customer relations platform?
• Should Bartem and Hounslow opt to launch WestJet channels on Snapchat or Pinterest?  NOTE: Research each platform and determine how well each could serve WestJet’s corporate voice and be consistent with its current branding.
• Research and describe one interesting new social media platform that is on the horizon (less than two years old).  Should WestJet be actively exploring new arrivals like this new service or waiting until a platform is popular and proven before investing in it? What best fits WestJet’s short and long term social media goals?  What is the criteria for success?
• What best fits WestJet’s short and long term social media goals?  What is the criteria for success?
• What decision option best fits WestJet’s decision criteria and can be sustainable in the short and long term within the economic constraints provided in the case?
• With a budget allowance of $0 CAD, will WestJet be able to build a serious presence on its selected new social media platforms while maintaining its existing ones?  Serious can be defined as adding value to revenue generation, customer service, and brand engagement goals (i.e. through social media platform selection and the respective roll out plan, how can this strategy/adoption of a new platform pay for itself).

 

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1. In a competitive marketplace, if managers deviate too far from making decisions that are consistent with stockholder wealth maximization, they risk being disciplined by the market. Part of this discipline involves the threat of being taken over by groups who are more aligned with stockholder interests.

True / False

 

2. If a bond is callable, and if interest rates in the economy decline, then the company can sell a new issue of low-interest-rate bonds and use the proceeds to “call” the old bonds in and have effectively refinanced at a lower rate.

True / False

 

3. Preferred stock is a hybrid–a sort of cross between a common stock and a bond–in the sense that it pays dividends that normally increase annually like a stock, but its payments are contractually guaranteed like interest on a bond.

True / False

 

4. All else equal, a dollar received sooner is worth more than a dollar received at some later date, because the sooner the dollar is received the more quickly it can be invested to earn a positive return.

True / False

 

5. Current cash flow from existing assets is highly relevant to the investor. However, the value of the firm depends primarily upon its growth opportunities.  As a result, profit projections from those opportunities are the only relevant future flows with which investors are concerned.

True / False

 

6. Determining whether a firm’s financial position is improving or deteriorating requires analysis of more than one set of financial statements. Trend analysis is one method of measuring a firm’s performance over time.

True / False

 

7. A firm’s net income reported on its income statement must equal the operating cash flows on the statement of cash flows.

True / False

8. The Securities Exchange Commission is the U.S. government agency that regulates the issuance and trading of stocks and bonds.

True / False

 

9. Compounding is the process of converting today’s values, which are termed present value, to future value.

True / False

 

10. Risk really should not be a significant factor when making financial decision because all business decisions involve predictions about the future, which is unknown. As a result, all decisions automatically include some consideration of risk.

True / False

 

11. Market risk refers to the tendency of a stock to move with the general stock market. A stock with above-average market risk will tend to be more volatile than an average stock, and it will have a beta which is greater than 1.0.

True / False

 

12. A firm cannot change its beta through any managerial decision because betas are completely market determined.

True / False

 

13. From an investor’s perspective, a firm’s preferred stock is generally considered to be less risky than its common stock but riskier than its bonds. However, from a corporate issuer’s standpoint, these risk relationships are reversed: bonds are the riskiest for the firm, preferred is next, and common is least risky.
    • True / False

 

14. The difference between the PV of an annuity due and the PV of an ordinary annuity is that each of the payments of the annuity due is discounted by one more year.

True / False

 

15. A publicly owned corporation is simply a company whose shares are held by the investing public, which may include other corporations and institutions.

True / False

 

16. The preemptive right gives current stockholders the right to purchase, on a pro rata basis, any new shares issued by the firm. This right helps protect current stockholders against both dilution of control and dilution of value.

True / False

17. Because short-term interest rates are much more volatile than long-term rates, you would, in the real world, be subject to much more interest rate price risk if you purchased a 30-day bond than if you bought a 30-year bond.

True / False

 

18. Although common stock represents a riskier investment to an individual than do bonds, in the sense of exposing the firm to the risk of bankruptcy, bonds represent a riskier method of financing to a corporation than does common stock.

True / False

 

19. The longer the maturity of a bond, the more its price will change in response to a given change in interest rates; this is called interest rate price risk.

True / False

 

20. The quick ratio and inventory turnover ratio can be used to help assess the liquidity of a firm. The quick ratio measures the relation of a firm’s quick assets to its current liabilities and the inventory turnover ratio measures how rapidly a firm turns its inventory back into a “quick” asset or cash.

True / False

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21. Other things held constant, P/E ratios are higher for firms with high growth prospects. At the same time, P/E’s are lower for riskier firms, other things held constant. These two factors, growth prospects and riskiness, may either be offsetting or reinforcing as P/E determinants.

True / False

 

22. The book value per share is computed by taking the sum of common stock, additional paid in capital, and retained earnings and dividing the number by the number of shares outstanding.

True / False

 

23. The effective annual interest rate is less than the simple interest rate when we have monthly compounding.

True / False

 

24. Which of the following statements shows the portion of the firm’s earnings that has been saved rather than paid out as dividends?

a.	balance sheet
b.	income statement
c.	statement of retained earnings
d.	statement of cash flows
e.	proxy statement

 

25. (3 Points) Henry currently has an investment portfolio that contains four stocks with a total value equal to $80,000. The portfolio has a beta (Beta) equal to 1.4. Henry wants to invest an additional $20,000 in a stock that has a Beta = 2.4.  After Henry adds the new stock to his portfolio, what will be the portfolio’s beta?

a.	1.6
b.	1.9
c.	2.2
d.	Not enough information to determine the new beta

26. If in the opinion of a given investor a stock’s expected return exceeds its required return, this suggests that the investor thinks

a.	the stock is experiencing supernormal growth.
b.	the stock should be sold.
c.	the stock is a good buy.
d.	management is probably not trying to maximize the price per share.

 

27. (3 Points) If a stock has a beta coefficient, Beta, equal to 1.20, the risk premium associated with the market is 9 percent, and the risk-free rate is 5 percent, application of the capital asset pricing model indicates the appropriate return should be __________.

a.	9.8%
b.	14%
c.	5%
d.	15.8%

28. (4 Points) The Charleston Company is a relatively small, privately owned firm. Last year the company had after-tax income of $15,000, and 10,000 shares were outstanding. The owners were trying to determine the market value for the stock, prior to taking the company public. A similar firm which is publicly traded had a price/earnings ratio of 5.0. Using only the information given, estimate the market value of one share of Charleston’s stock.

a.	$10.00
b.	$7.50
c.	$5.00
d.	$2.50
e.	$1.50

29. (3 Points) Gray Manufacturing is expected to pay a dividend of $1.25 per share at the end of the year (D₁ = $1.25). The stock sells for $27.50 per share, and its required total rate of return is 10.5%. The dividend is expected to grow at some constant rate, “g”, forever. What is the stock price’s expected growth rate?

 

a.	6.01%
b.	5.54%
c.	6.07%
d.	5.95%

30. (4 Points) The Francis Company is expected to pay a dividend of D₁ = $1.25 per share at the end of the year, and that dividend is expected to grow at a constant rate of 6.00% per year in the future. The company’s beta is 1.70, the market risk premium is 5.50%, and the risk-free rate is 4.00%. What is the company’s current stock price?

a.	$13.44
b.	$17.01
c.	$12.93
d.	$21.89

31. If you wanted to purchase previously issued shares of stock from another investor you would find the shares in the

a.	primary market.
b.	debt market.
c.	IPO market.
d.	secondary market.
e.	SEO market.

32. (3 Points) A _______ option gives the _________ the right to _________ a fixed number of shares at a specified price for a certain amount of time.

a.	call; bond issuer; repurchase
b.	put; bond holder; sell
c.	call; bond holder; repurchase
d.	put; bond issuer; sell

 

33. Which of the following statements is correct?

a.	Other things held constant, an increase in the number of discounting periods per year increases the present value of a given annual annuity.
b.	Other things held constant, an increase in the number of discounting periods per year increases the present value of a lump sum to be received in the future.
c.	The payment made each period under an amortized loan is constant, and it consists of some interest and some principal. The later we are in the loan’s life, the smaller the interest portion of the payment.
d.	There is an inverse relationship between the present value interest factor of an annuity and the future value interest factor of an annuity, (i.e., one is the reciprocal of the other).

 

34. All else equal, if you expect to receive a certain amount in the future, say, $500 in ten (10) years, the present value of that future amount will be lowest if the interest earned on such investments is compounded

a.	daily
b.	weekly
c.	monthly
d.	quarterly
e.	annually

35. (3 Points) You deposited $1,000 in a savings account that pays 8 percent interest, compounded quarterly, planning to use it to finish your last year in college. Eighteen months later, you decide to go to the Rocky Mountains to become a ski instructor rather than continue in school, so you close out your account. How much money will you receive?

a.	$1,171
b.	$1,126
c.	$1,082
d.	$1,163
e.	$1,008

 

36. Your uncle would like to restrict his interest rate risk and his default risk, but he still would like to invest in corporate bonds. Which of the possible bonds listed below best satisfies your uncle’s criteria?

a.	BBB bond with 10 years to maturity.
b.	BBB perpetual bond.
c.	AAA bond with 5 years to maturity.
d.	AAA bond with 10 years to maturity.
e.	BBB bond with 5 years to maturity.

 

37. Which of the following is not one of the four fundamental factors that affect the cost of money?

a.	production opportunities
b.	time preferences for consumption
c.	risk
d.	liquidity
e.	inflation

 

 

38. (3 Points) You read in The Wall Street Journal that 30-day T-bills currently are yielding 8 percent. Your brother-in-law, a broker at Kyoto Securities, has given you the following estimates of current interest rate premiums:

 

Inflation premium	5%
Liquidity premium	1%
Maturity risk premium	2%
Default risk premium	2%

 

Based on these data, the real risk-free rate of return is

a.	0%
b.	1%
c.	2%
d.	3%
e.	4%

39. A contract negotiated directly with a bank in which the borrower agrees to make a series of interest and principal payments on specific dates to the bank is called

a.	Preferred stock.
b.	commercial paper.
c.	convertible debt.
d.	a term loan.
e.	a bond issue.

40. A bond differs from term in loans in that

a.	a bond issue is generally advertised.
b.	a bond is sold to many investors.
c.	a bond is offered to the public.
d.	All of the above.
e.	None of the above.

41. Which of the following events would make it less likely that a company would choose to call its outstanding callable bonds?

a.	Increase in interest rates.
b.	Decrease in interest rates.
c.	Increase in price of outstanding convertible bonds.
d.	A decrease in call premium.
e.	Answers b and c only.

42. __________ are high-risk, high-yield bonds used to finance mergers, leveraged buyouts, and troubled companies.

a.	Callable bonds
b.	Junk bonds
c.	Convertible bonds
d.	Floating rate bonds
e.	Putable bonds

43. Which of the following securities is the riskiest to investors?

a.	Floating rate notes.
b.	Income bonds.
c.	Treasury bills.
d.	First mortgage bonds.
e.	Common stock.

44. Shareholders exert control of the management of the firm by

a.	electing board members who can replace management.
b.	directly replacing management with themselves.
c.	buying shares in an IPO at a discounted price.
d.	running the daily operations of the firm.
e.	None of the above.

45. (3 Points) Henderson Company has 20,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, but to date, has only 12,000,000 shares outstanding, each with a $1.00 par value. The company has $24,000,000 in additional paid-in capital and retained earnings are $96,000,000. What is Henderson’s current book value per share?

a.	$1.00
b.	$3.00
c.	$11.00
d.	$6.60
e.	$9.00

46. (3 Points) A share of perpetual preferred stock pays an annual dividend of $6 per share. If investors require a 12 percent rate of return, what should be the price of this preferred stock?

a.	$57.25
b.	$50.00
c.	$62.38
d.	$46.75
e.	$41.64

47. When constructing a Statement of Cash Flows, which of the following actions would be considered a source of funds?

a.	increase in the cash account
b.	decrease in accounts payable
c.	increase in inventory
d.	increase in long-term bonds
e.	increase in fixed assets

48. Which of the following statements is correct as it relates to Annual Reports?

a.	The annual report contains four basic financial statements: the income statement; balance sheet; statement of cash flows; and statement of changes in long-term financing.
b.	Although the annual report is geared toward the average stockholder, it represents financial analysts’ most complete source of financial information about the firm.
c.	The key importance of annual report information is that it is used by investors when they form their expectations about the firm’s future earnings and dividends and the riskiness of those cash flows.
d.	The annual report provides no relevant information for use by financial analysts or by the investing public.

 

49. (3 Points) A firm has a profit margin of 15 percent on sales of $20,000,000. If the firm has debt of $7,500,000, total assets of $22,500,000, and an after-tax interest cost on total debt of 5 percent, what is the firm’s ROA?

a.	8.4%
b.	10.9%
c.	12.0%
d.	13.3%
e.	15.1%

50. (3 Points) Alpha’s preferred stock currently has a market price equal to $80 per share. If the dividend paid on this stock is $6 per share, what is the required rate of return investors are demanding from Alpha’s preferred stock?

a.	7.5%
b.	13.3%
c.	6.0%
d.	$6.00
e.	None of the above is a correct answer.

51. Which of the following are generally considered advantages of term loans over publicly issued bonds?

a.	Lower flotation costs.
b.	Speed, or how long it takes to bring the issue to market.
c.	Flexibility, or the ability to adjust the bond’s terms after it has been issued.
d.	All of the above.

 

52. (2 Points) The net income that firm earns can either be paid out to shareholders as __________ or can be reinvested in the company as __________.

a.	interest; additional paid-in capital
b.	dividends; retained earnings
c.	shares; capital stock.
d.	capital gains; additional paid-in capital
e.	interest; retained earnings

 

 

 

 

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Part I :

a. Soap Note Ankylosing Spondylitis

b. add questions from your case study

Part II: Ankylosing Spondylitis

a. Pathophysiology

b. Clinical Presentation

c. Physical Examination

d. Diagnostic Testing

e. Differential Diagnosis

f. Management

g. Education and Health Promotion

Power point

< 20 % plagiarism

5 References

Sample Regular Soap Note Template

PATIENT INFORMATION

Name: Mr. W.S.

Age: 65-year-old

Sex: Male

Source: Patient

Allergies: None

Current Medications: Atorvastatin tab 20 mg, 1-tab PO at bedtime

PMH: Hypercholesterolemia

Immunizations: Influenza last 2018-year, tetanus, and hepatitis A and B 4 years ago.

Surgical History: Appendectomy 47 years ago.

Family History: Father- died 81 does not report information

Mother-alive, 88 years old, Diabetes Mellitus, HTN

Daughter-alive, 34 years old, healthy

Social Hx:No smoking history or illicit drug use, occasional alcoholic beverage consumption on social celebrations. Retired, widow, he lives alone.

SUBJECTIVE:

Chief complain: “headaches” that started two weeks ago

Symptom analysis/HPI:

The patient is 65 years old male who complaining of episodes of headaches and on 3 different occasions blood pressure was measured, which was high (159/100, 158/98 and 160/100 respectively). Patient noticed the problem started two weeks ago and sometimes it is accompanied by dizziness.He states that he has been under stress in his workplace for the last month.

Patient denies chest pain, palpitation, shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting.

ROS:

CONSTITUTIONAL: Denies fever or chills. Denies weakness or weight loss. NEUROLOGIC: Headache and dizzeness as describe above. Denies changes in LOC. Denies history of tremors or seizures.

HEENT: HEAD: Denies any head injury, or change in LOC. Eyes: Denies any changes in vision, diplopia or blurred vision. Ear: Denies pain in the ears. Denies loss of hearing or drainage. Nose: Denies nasal drainage, congestion. THROAT: Denies throat or neck pain, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing.

Respiratory: Patient denies shortness of breath, cough or hemoptysis.

Cardiovascular: No chest pain, tachycardia. No orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal

dyspnea.

Gastrointestinal: Denies abdominal pain or discomfort. Denies flatulence, nausea, vomiting or

diarrhea.

Genitourinary: Denies hematuria, dysuria or change in urinary frequency. Denies difficulty starting/stopping stream of urine or incontinence.

MUSCULOSKELETAL: Denies falls or pain. Denies hearing a clicking or snapping sound.

Skin: No change of coloration such as cyanosis or jaundice, no rashes or pruritus.

Objective Data

CONSTITUTIONAL: Vital signs: Temperature: 98.5 °F, Pulse: 87, BP: 159/92 mmhg, RR 20, PO2-98% on room air, Ht- 6’4”, Wt 200lb, BMI 25. Report pain 0/10.

General appearance: The patient is alert and oriented x 3. No acute distress noted.NEUROLOGIC: Alert, CNII-XII grossly intact, oriented to person, place, and time. Sensation intact to bilateral upper and lower extremities. Bilateral UE/LE strength 5/5.

HEENT:Head: Normocephalic, atraumatic, symmetric, non-tender. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Eyes: No conjunctival injection, no icterus, visual acuity and extraocular eye movements intact. No nystagmus noted. Ears: Bilateral canals patent without erythema, edema, or exudate. Bilateral tympanic membranes intact, pearly gray with sharp cone of light. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Nasal mucosa moist without bleeding.Oral mucosa moist without lesions,.Lids non-remarkable and appropriate for race.

Neck: supple without cervical lymphadenopathy, no jugular vein distention, no thyroid swelling or masses.

Cardiovascular: S1S2, regular rate and rhythm, no murmur or gallop noted. Capillary refill < 2 sec.

Respiratory: No dyspnea or use of accessory muscles observed. No egophony, whispered pectoriloquy or tactile fremitus on palpation. Breath sounds presents and clear bilaterally on auscultation.

Gastrointestinal:No mass or hernia observed. Upon auscultation, bowel sounds present in all four quadrants, no bruits over renal and aorta arteries. Abdomen soft non-tender, no guarding, no rebound no distention or organomegaly noted on palpation

Musculoskeletal: No pain to palpation. Active and passive ROM within normal limits, no stiffness.

Integumentary: intact, no lesions or rashes, no cyanosis or jaundice.

Assessment

Essential (Primary) Hypertension (ICD10 I10): Given the symptoms and high blood pressure (156/92 mmhg), classified as stage 2. Once the organic cause of hypertension has been ruled out, such as renal, adrenal or thyroid, this diagnosis is confirmed.

Differential diagnosis:

Ø Renal artery stenosis (ICD10 I70.1)

Ø Chronic kidney disease (ICD10 I12.9)

Ø Hyperthyroidism(ICD10E05.90)

Plan

Diagnosis is based on the clinical evaluation through history, physical examination, and routine laboratory tests to assess risk factors, reveal identifiable causes and detect target-organ damage, including evidence of cardiovascular disease.

These basic laboratory tests are:

· CMP

· Complete blood count

· Lipid profile

· Thyroid-stimulating hormone

· Urinalysis

· Electrocardiogram

Ø Pharmacological treatment: 

The treatment of choice in this case would be:

Thiazide-like diuretic and/or a CCB

· Hydrochlorothiazide tab 25 mg, Initial dose: 25 mg orally once daily.

Ø Non-Pharmacologic treatment:

· Weight loss

· Healthy diet(DASH dietary pattern): Diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products with reduced content of saturated and trans l fat

· Reduced intake of dietary sodium: <1,500 mg/d is optimal goal but at least 1,000 mg/d reduction in most adults

· Enhanced intake of dietary potassium

· Regular physical activity (Aerobic): 90–150 min/wk

· Tobacco cessation

· Measures to release stress and effective coping mechanisms.

Education

· Provide with nutrition/dietary information.

· Daily blood pressure monitoringat home twice a day for 7 days, keep a record, bring the record on the next visit with her PCP

· Instruction about medication intake compliance.

· Education of possible complications such as stroke, heart attack, and other problems.

· Patient was educated on course of hypertension, as well as warning signs and symptoms, which could indicate the need to attend the E.R/U.C. Answered all pt. questions/concerns. Pt verbalizes understanding to all

Follow-ups/Referrals

· Evaluation with PCP in 1 weeks for managing blood pressure and to evaluate current hypotensive therapy. Urgent Care visit prn.

· No referrals needed at this time.

References

Domino, F., Baldor, R., Golding, J., Stephens, M. (2017). The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2017 (25th ed.). Print (The 5-Minute Consult Series).

CodinaLeik, M. T. (2014). Family Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Review (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0-8261-3424-0

 

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