In two different paragraph gave your personal opinion to Joel Sunda 

and   Christopher Moran 

Joel Sunda 

In to trying create incentives that provide the best outcomes for the provider, supplier and the patient, one would do an economic evaluation. According to Dewar 2009, the ideal baseline is that when the Marginal Benefit (MB) of consumption equals the Marginal Cost (MC) of consumption. As long as the benefit is more than the cost consumers will continue to purchase goods and services. Although, when the benefit and cost become equal the consumer will no longer continue to purchase. An analysis of supply and demand should be done as well, if the supply and demand is known incentives could be created that would be in the Marginal Benefit and Marginal Cost for all parties involved, this would then lead to equilibrium.

Reference

Dewar, D. M. (2009). The Essentials of Health Economics. Mississauga, Canada: Jones and Bartlett.

 Christopher Moran 

 The cost of healthcare is rising at substantially and unrealistic rates. This is causing patients not to follow through with long-term medical plans and leads to an unsustainable health plan for them. The copayments alone for pharmaceuticals is 22% (Yong , Olsen, & McGinnis, 2010) in this week’s reading of Approaches to Improving Value—Provider and Manufacturer Payments, they mention there is evidence that the increased patient cost sharing leads to patients not utilizing their medication. Physicians are limited on their reimbursement if the procedure is going to cost to much, they come to an ethical dilemma on whether to proceed or look for cheaper option that may lead to a negative outcome for patients.

 A solution that was brought to light in this week reading can be found written by Steven D. Pearson, M.D., he mentions that a collaboration between states on studies over reimbursement and coverage in values can lead to lower costs overall. These studies can show clinics on how to make the cost affective choices that lead to the best outcome for patients (Yong , Olsen, & McGinnis, 2010).

 I believe the solution may be much simpler and more effective for everyone. Putting a cap on the amount that pharmaceutical companies can charge, for life saving medicine and reducing the overall cost of copays for patients. In return insurance companies should cover the difference to ensure that the plan that the patient paid into is being used to its fullest capabilities. In my opinion they should be covering the full cost of deductibles that are used on life saving or life sustaining medications.  This will have more patients going to the doctor when they become unwell, pharmaceuticals not going to waste from people not purchasing them and patients are not in a mountain of debt after a minor incident. 

Do you feel that a data analysis on cost spending will inevitably fix the issues of overspending on healthcare?

-Moran, C

References

Yong, P. L., Olsen, L. A., & McGinnis, J. M. (2010). 5 Approaches to Improving Value—Provider and Manufacturer Payments. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Retrieved from https://kapextmediassl-a.akamaihd.net/healthSci/HA415/HA415_1802A/HA%20415-Week_Two_Discussion_Question_Article.pdf

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Imagine you are the Director of Environmental Safety for a major city in the United States. As the director, you have been asked to educate the public on chemical and mechanical weathering of national monuments, such as the limestone buildings in Washington, DC, or important tombs made of limestone throughout the country.

Include the following information:

• Definitions of both mechanical and chemical weathering
• Descriptions of frost wedging, frost heaving, salt-crystal growth, and exfoliation
• Descriptions of hydrolysis, oxidation, and carbonation
• Explanation of the relationship between chemical and mechanical weathering
• Explanation of how human activity affects chemical and mechanical weathering

APA format 700 – 1000 words

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Respond to one of these prompts and be clear about which one you are referring to:

PROMPT #1: TROLLEY PROBLEM. What would you do in the Bystander at the Switch scenario? (A) Throw the switch in order to maximize well-being (five people surviving is greater than one.) (B) Not throw the switch because that would be a form of killing, and killing is inherently wrong. Explain and defend your answer.

PROMPT #2: TARSKI ON THE LIAR. What is Tarski’s response to the liar paradox? Does the response tell us anything about the concept of truth? If yes, what does it tell us?

PROMPT #3: GRELLING’S PARADOX: Is ‘autological’ autological? Explain your answer.

PROMPT #4: SORITES PROMPT. Explain the problem of higher order vagueness. What should a proponent of the truth-value gap approach or of the supervaluationist approach say about the problem of higher-order vagueness?

And please also provide critical feedback to these two people’s posts.

PERSON 1: (sierra)

PROMPT #1: TROLLEY PROBLEM

In the Bystander at the Switch scenario I would most likely throw the switch in order to maximize well-being. If you do not throw the switch, you let 5 people die, rather than minimizing the number of people affected by the  already-existing-danger. I think that by not acting, you still decide to let 5 people die, rather than redirecting it to one person alone. It is a hard scenario because no one would want to have to make this decision and killing one person (even if thats the only one that dies) is still tragic and sad to think about. Pulling the lever might make you feel like a murderer, since you actively pulled it. But not pulling the lever also may make you feel like you did nothing to “maximize well being”, as stated in the prompt. In this case, I would pull the lever because oit seems to be the lesser evil of the two. In both scenarios, at least one person dies, but better to be one than a group of five.  

PERSON 2: (tara)

Prompt 1:

This is a problem I hope to never have. I remember learning about this in one of my Criminology classes and how my professor brought up Utilitarianism for why the switch must be thrown in order to maximize well-being (five people survive while one dies). Looking at this problem from the outside, I would actually elect to not throw the switch. Throwing the switch would put me in control of destiny which I do not like. I would be choosing the fate of six individuals. However, by not acting, I am definitely committing a “moral wrong”. By leaving it unattended, no one is at fault but by throwing the switch, I would become at fault for that individual’s death. However, deep down, I know if push came to shove, I would throw the switch. Just by being there and being aware of the situation, the act of not acting is ignoring moral responsibilities to try and preserve the most life possible. It is better to save five lives, than one life.

A substantive post is generally >150 words and introduces a new idea or is a meaningful response toanother person’s post. When responding to another person’s post, please either expand the thought, addadditional insights, or respectfully disagree and explain why.

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Resources: Table 8.1 on page 139 of Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Ch. 8 and the organization you selected in the Week 2 Individual Assignment (attached)

Prepare a 10- to 12-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with detailed speaker’s notes explaining each slide using the same organization you selected in Week 2.

Create a business plan for this organization to enter a global market in which they are not already doing business (see section 2 of Table 8.1)-(attached). Be sure to include the following:

• Description of the Business
• Description of the Industry
• Technology Plan
• Marketing Plan
• Financial Plan
• Production Plan
• Organizational Plan
• Operations Plan
• Include at least 2 of the 7 recommended appendices (exhibits) as listed in Section 3 of Table 8.1 (attached)

• wk2individualassignment.docx
• Section2oftable8.1part1.png
• Section2oftable8.1part2.png
• Section3oftable8.1ap

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Competency

• Describe different quality methods within healthcare.
• Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare.
• Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction.
• Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience.
• Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare.
• Apply quality improvement methods.

Course Scenario

Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:

• Emergency room services
• Intensive care
• Surgical care
• Obstetrics
• Diagnostic services
• Some rehabilitation therapies
• Inpatient pharmacy services
• Geriatric services
• Consumer physician referral services

Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.

Scenario Continued

You have been asked to present a narrated visual report for the CEO and Board of Directors on a video conference call to share your major findings and to discuss recommendations.

Competencies:

• Describe different quality methods within healthcare.
• Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare.
• Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction.
• Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience.
• Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare.
• Apply quality improvement methods.

Instructions

Your narrated visual report should include the following:

• Types of measurements that will be used.
• Overall design of the survey.
• Identifies who will lead the QI task force.
• Identifies who should be on the task force.
• Suggestions for implementing the results of the survey.

Your narrated visual report should be done using Microsoft PowerPoint, or any other presentation software of your choosing that also allows for narration to be added.

APA formatting for the References slide, and proper grammar, punctuation, and form are required.

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